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In electronics, a chopper circuit is used to refer to numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. A chopper is a switching device that converts fixed DC input to a variable DC output voltage directly. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another. In power electronics applications, since the switching element is either fully on or fully off, its losses are low, and the circuit can provide high efficiency. However, the current supplied to the load is discontinuous and may require smoothing or a high switching frequency to avoid undesirable effects. In signal processing circuits, use of a chopper stabilizes a system against drift of electronic components; the original signal can be recovered after amplification or other processing by a synchronous demodulator that essentially un-does the "chopping" process. ==Classification== Choppers may be classified on several bases. * On basis of input and output voltage levels: * * Step-down chopper * * *class A * * *class C * * *class D * * *class E * * Step-up chopper * * *class B *explanation of class A ,C,D,E chopper * * Comparison between step up and step down chopper: * On basis of circuit operation: * * First quadrant * * Two quadrant * * Four quadrant * On basis of commutation method: * * Voltage commutated * * Current commutated * * Load commutated * * Impulse commutated Most modern uses also use alternative nomenclature which helps to clarify which particular type of circuit is being discussed. These include: * switched mode power supplies, including DC to DC converters. * Speed controllers for DC motors * Class D Electronic amplifiers * Switched capacitor filters 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chopper (electronics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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